EEE_Formula Part_02

Transformer:
EMF of Primary Winding/Phase, Ep = 4.44NPfφM Volts
EMF of Secondary Winding/Phase, ES = 4.44NSfφM Volts
Transformation Ratio , k or a = Ep / ES = Np / NS = IS / IP
No Load Loss, ωO = Vi IO CosφO
Working Component, IW = IO CosφO
Magnetizing Component, Iµ = IO SinφO
No load Power factor, CosφO = ωO / Vi IO
Condition for Maximum Efficiency is: Core Loss = Copper Loss
Hysteresis Loss, Ph = Kh f Bm 1.6 (Watt) [Here, Kh = Constant, Bm = Max. Flux Density, f= Frequency]
Eddy current loss, Pe = Ke f2 Bm2 t2 (Watt) [Here, Ke = Constant, Bm = Max. Flux Density, f= Frequency, t = Thickness of lamination sheet]
KVAMAX = KVARATED √(Core Loss/F.L Copper Loss)
Full load copper loss 400W, in half load copper loss is: 400x (1/2)2
Auto Transformer:
Transformed Power = Delivered Power x (1-a)
Conducted Power = Delivered Power – Transformed Power
Alternator:
EMF (RMS)/Phase, E = 4.44φfT KP Kd Volts
(Here, f= Frequency, T= No. of Turn, φ = Flux/Pole, KP= Pitch Factor, KP= Distribution Factor)
%VR VNL – VFL ) / VFL x100
NS = 120f/P (NS = Synchronous Speed RPM, f= Frequency, P = No. of Pole)
AC Motor:
Slip, %S = {( NS – NR ) / NS }x100
S NS – NR ) / NS
S = fr/f
NR = 120f (1-S)/P
NS = 120f /P
fr = S x f
(NS = Synchronous Speed RPM, Nr = Rotor Speed RPM, f= Frequency, P = No. of Pole, S = SLip)